Brightness Perception
The brightness of an object depends on the light reflected from itself and its background. Its brightness relative to other objects appears the same in bright light or dark.
A.
B.

The two inner circles (B) are of equal intensity, yet may appear different because of their backgrounds. Move your cursor over the circles to remove the background. Did you notice how the colors are the same?

The Hermann grid (A) is an example of the perceived brightness depending on the surrounding area. The gray spots at the intersection of the white strips do not exist, but are a perceptual effect of the surrounding black squares.
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